Supporting
Material:
Sick Water? The Central Role of Wastewater
Management in Sustainable Development
(UNEP/UN-Habitat, 2010)
IWA International and Regional Conferences on
Waste Stabilization Ponds
Notes on the Design and Operation of Waste Stabilization Ponds in
Warm Climates of Developing Countries (World Bank, 1983)
WSP Design Manual for India (LTI, 1997)
Guidelines for the Hydraulic Design of Waste Stabilisation
Ponds (Massey University, 2003)
Hydrodynamic performance of
pilot-scale duckweed, algal-based, rock filter and attached-growth
media
reactors used for waste stabilisation pond research (Ecol. Eng., 2010)
Thematic Overview Paper: Waste
Stabilization Ponds (IRC, 2004)
Pond technology: an evolving wastewater treatment option (IWA, 2006)
Design and Performance of Waste Stabilization Ponds (San Diego State University,
2003)
Development of a New Approach to WSP
Design (University of Leeds, 2001)
Improved management of waste stabilization ponds (eWISA,
2008)
See also: Rock filters for removing algal BOD & SS from WSP effluents and, if
aerated, also ammonium-N (this webpage also has links on P removal in WSP
and rock filters)
Nitrification rates of
algal–bacterial biofilms in wastewater stabilization ponds under light and
dark conditions (Ecol. Eng., 2010)
Biogas collection from anaerobic ponds: Floating geomembrane covers for odour control
and biogas
collection and utilization in municipal lagoons (
WST, 2000).
Covered
Anaerobic Ponds for Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Capture (NIWA, 2008)
See Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
CDM
Bazaar (how to buy or sell carbon credits
−
search for 'wastewater' or 'biogas' etc. in the search
box).
Estimation of domestic wastewater characteristics in a developing
country based on
socio-economic variables (Water Science and Technology,
1996)
Modelling of coliform removal in 186 facultative and maturation
ponds around the world (Water
Research, 2005)
Analysis of design approaches for stabilization
ponds under different boundary conditions − A
comparison (Ecological Engineering, 2009)
Environmental inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum
oocysts in waste stabilization ponds
(Microbial Ecology, 2008)
The removal of Giardia spp. cysts by waste
stabilisation ponds in Matsapha sewage treatment
plant, Swaziland (JEHR, 2008)
Performance evaluation of a waste stabilization pond in a
rural area in Egypt (American Journal
of
Environmental Sciences, 2008)
Effect of industrial wastes on oxidation pond performance [heavy metals] (Water
Research, 1972)
Cleaning up the Ganga (InfoChange News & Features, India,
2005) WSP recommended!
Vibrio cholerae
Dynamics of non-O1 Vibrio
cholerae and fecal coliforms in experimental stabilization ponds in the
arid region of Marrakesh, Morocco, and the effect of pH, temperature, and
sunlight on their
experimental survival (Canadian
Journal of Microbiology, 1995)
Vibrio cholerae O1 (El Tor) removal in waste
stabilization ponds in northeast Brazil (Water
Research, 1993)
Vibrio cholerae O1 and Salmonella spp.
removal compared with the die-off of faecal indicator
organisms in waste
stabilisation ponds in northeast Brazil (WST, 1993)
WSP Monitoring and Evaluation
Guidelines for the minimum evaluation of the performance of
full-scale waste stabilization pond
systems (Water
Research, 1987)
Waste stabilization ponds and the health-related risks: The need for monitoring programmes
(eWISA, 2006)
Development of a comprehensive monitoring and auditing tool
for oxidation ponds systems in the
Middle Vaal and Upper Orange catchment areas
[in South Africa] (Water SA, 2006)
Decentralized wastewater management in peri-urban areas in
low-income countries (E&U,
2003)
Guidelines on Municipal Wastewater Management
(UNEP/WHO/UN-Habitat/WSSCC, version
3, 2004: ‘A practical guide
for decision-makers and professionals on how to plan, design, and
finance appropriate and environmentally sound municipal wastewater discharge
systems’)
International Source Book on Environmentally Sound Technologies
for Wastewater and
Stormwater Management (IETC/UNEP, 2002)
Innovative WastewaterManagement for Small Communities in EMR
Countries (WHO EMRO,
2001)
A 3-step strategic approach to sustainable wastewater
management (
Water SA, Jan.
2005)
Decentralised Sanitation and Wastewater Treatment, 2nd ed.
(German Federal Institute for
Geosciences and Natural Resources, 2008)
All students working with calculators should read this:
Revisiting
significant figures (JEE, ASCE, May
1997)
Design Manual: Municipal
Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (USEPA, 1983) [Report
No. EPA-625/1-83-015] −
there’s no easy link to this Manual: go to the EPA NESCEP
simple
search page; enter 625183015 in the search box, then click on the document title on the
Search
Results page − you then get the homepage for the Manual: click on the
Adobe icon (second
on the right) for the pdf
file.
Waste Stabilization Pond Linings (US EPA, 1978) − this links to an EPA list of online
publications.
Scroll down to ‘832R78103 Waste Stabilization Pond Linings’ and
click on this entry.
CLASSIC PAPERS AND REPORTS ON WSP
Waste Stabilization Ponds (WHO Monograph Series #60,
1971): Part 1 Part 2
The classic McGarry and
Pescod paper:
Stabilization pond design criteria for tropical Asia (Proceedings
of the Second International
Symposium for Waste Treatment Lagoons (ed. R. E.
McKinney), University of Kansas, 1970
A classic by the late Professor Gerrit Marais (University of Cape Town):
New factors in the design, operation and performance of
waste-stabilization ponds (Bull. WHO,
1966)
Two
‘classics’ by the late Professor Bill Oswald (UC Berkeley):
Role of algae in
sewage oxidation ponds (The
Scientific Monthly, 1952) − Quote:
"From
'sewage to beefsteak' may be a real
economic possibility".
Photosynthetic reclamation
of organic wastes (The
Scientific Monthly, 1954)
See also: My sixty years in applied algology by Bill
Oswald (J. Applied Phycology, 2003)
MSc(Eng) Dissertation:
C. B. Gawarsiri (2003).
Modern Design of Waste Stabilization Ponds in Warm Climates:
Comparison with Traditional Design Methods.
High-altitude WSP:
Bolivia Mexico Peru
Books (for
purchase or loan only):
Pond Treatment Technology (IWA Publishing, 2006) University of Leeds Library
catalogue entry
Municipal Wastewater Management in Developing Countries: Principles and Engineering (IWA
Publishing, 2006) ULL
catalogue entry
Biological Wastewater Treatment in Warm Climate Regions [2 vols] (IWA
Publishing, 2005)
ULL
catalogue entry
Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries
(Earthscan, 2004) ULL
catalogue entry
Waste Stabilization Ponds (volume 3 of Biological Wastewater Treatment Series, IWA
Publishing, 2007)
Natural Wastewater Treatment Systems (CRC Press, 2005)
ULL
catalogue entry.
For
serious students of photosynthesis:
Light & Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems (CUP,
1994) ULL
catalogue entry
Photographs of WSP
systems:
Dandora, Nairobi Valle
del Cauca, southwest Colombia Samambaia, DF, Brazil
Google Earth views of some WSP systems
Preliminary treatment
Grease traps/interceptors
Guide to Grease Interceptors: Eliminating the Mystery (The
Plumbing & Drainage Institute, 1998)
Recommendations for
Designing Grease Interceptors (MC Magazine, 2000)
Also: Hurricane preparedness for domestic wastewater treatment facilities
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