|
|
|
|
|
|
|
substantial cash inputs have been made to all the infrastructure projects implemented to date. Once it has been agreed that a project is worthwhile and the community group has raised its contribution, a joint account is opened in a local bank with one community member and one social organizer as signatories. This account is then drawn on as required to finance the work as it proceeds. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For all the local sewers constructed to date, the community group has purchased the required materials and has hired a local jobbing contractor to carry out the work. For the first project, a 60 m length of sewer serving nine houses which cost about Rs6000, the contractor was paid on a daily basis so that the responsibility for project management remained exclusively with the community. On subsequent projects, which were rather larger, typically costing up to Rs40000 and serving up to about 40 houses, an overall price was agreed with the contractor, based on the length of sewer and number of chambers to be provided. These arrangements are very different from government procedures and there will be a need to formalize them in the future. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It may be advisable in future to develop contracts based on simple schedules of rates for measured items, for instance the length of sewer and the number of chambers. This will allow for some flexibility if there is a need to change some aspect of the work in the course of constructionfor example, the provision of an extra chamber. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overall supervision of the projects implemented to date has been by sub-engineers employed by the FAUP, together with nominated members from the community. As the project develops, it is planned to provide opportunities for small contractors and community members to develop their skills so that eventually they are competent to undertake small infrastructure projects with a minimum of external supervision. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.5
Local Sewerage in Context |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The main concern of the chapter up to this point has been with the provision of sewers at the local or tertiary level. However, it |
|
|
|
|
|