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tanks. A training programme for officers of the local public utilities was also carried out. |
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Three principal factors govern the design of the ASAS system: (a) a technical solution appropriate to the social and behavioural needs of the population; (b) hydraulic integration of the interceptor tanks and the sewers; and (c) low cost, while being simple to maintain and operate. |
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Urban residential areas and small towns tend to be more homogeneous than heterogeneous in terms of their socioeconomic characteristics, cultural background and behaviour. This homogeneity increases as the socio-economic level decreases. Culture is an important factor in determining living habits, water consumption and personal and domestic hygiene. When the socio-economic conditions of a community improve, hygiene practices usually remain almost totally unaltered. |
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In low-income urban communities households tend to have a similar number of occupants; a typical household, with the average number of occupants, can thus be taken as a representative unit. (The variation in the number of occupants depending on the time of year, which takes place in many households, does not alter the average.) Houses in such communities will have a similar number and type of plumbing fixtures. Typically these will comprise a shower and a pour-flush toilet (although some may have a cistern-flush toilet), a sink and a laundry trough or tray. |
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Estimation of the loading of the sewerage system is based on the following assumption: in communities of low socio-economic status, it can be assumed that the average number of occupants per household exceeds the number of plumbing fixtures. |
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