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eThekwini UD-VIV Latrines
Urine-diverting alternating twin-vault ventilated
improved vault latrines
or UD-VIVs for short

Microsoft Producer presentation

Collage of eThekwini latrine


               
Presentation     Transcript (includes slides)     Presentation download

The presentation details the innovative 'ground tank' water supply system, as well as the eThekwini UD-VIV latrines.               

Supporting material:

eThekwini's Water & Sanitation Programme   Overview    Drawing of eThekwini latrine   Costs

Guideline for the Design and Construction of Toilets Where the Basic Level of Service is Appropriate (eThekwini Water, 2001)

Durban’s poor get water [and sanitation] services long denied (Science, 2008)
 
Health risk assessment of the operation and maintenance of a urine diversion toilet (eWISA, 2006)

A comparative study evaluating health outcomes of sanitation, water services and hygiene education in eThekwini District, Durban, South Africa (presentation at the International Conference on Sustainable Sanitation, Dongsheng, China, August 2007)

Safety aspects of handling and using fecal material from urine-diversion toilets − A field investigation (WER, 2008)
 

Reaching low-income communities: Experiences from eThekwini, Durban (presentation at AfricaSan2008, Durban, February 2008))

Provision of free sustainable basic sanitation: The Durban experience (WEDC Conference, 2006)

Improving water services in eThekwini’s periurban and rural settlements (Innovation Insights #1, 2004) [see pdf pages 3−7]

Selecting sanitation systems for sustainability in developing countries [eThekwini is the case study] (WST, 2009)

Strategy for the furtherance of knowledge and good practice of ecological sanitation technology in South Africa (Water Research Commission, 2006):
Vol. 1:
Pathogen destruction in UD sanitation systems
See also: Research into UD/VIDP (Urine Diversion Ventilated Improved Double Pit) Toilets: Prevalence and Die-off of Ascaris Ova in Urine Diversion Waste (WRC, 2008)
Vol. 2: Use and acceptance of UD sanitation systems in South Africa
Vol. 3: Use of human excreta from UD toilets in food gardens: Agronomic and health aspects
Vol. 4: Guidelines for the design, operation and maintenance of UD sanitation systems
See also: Ecological Sanitation − Literature Review (WRC, 2005)

Design and Operation Criteria for Urine-diversion Ecological Sanitation Systems with particular reference to Public Health  (PhD thesis, University of Pretoria, 2007)

The National Water and Sanitation Programme in South Africa: Turning the ‘Right to Water’ into Reality (WSP ‘Blue Gold’ Field Note #8, 2002)

National Sanitation Policy (Government of South Africa, 1996)

An Observational Study to Determine the Length of Time Necessary to Eradicate Parasitic Ova and Pathogenic Bacteria in Human Excreta Kept in the Storage Vaults of Urine-Diverting Dehydration Toilets in Cagayan de Oro City: 2007-2008: A Preliminary Report (Xavier University, The Philippines, 2008)